Role Conflict Research Articles

Analysis of The Effect of Workload, Role Conflict, Work Stress on Exit Intentions and Work Burnout

Analysis of The Effect of Workload, Role Conflict, Work Stress on Exit Intentions and Work Burnout

Performance management system components and the role of the management accountant

Purpose While extant research does mention performance management systems as antecedent to a management accountant’s role, and that there is tension between both, there is little detailed research. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the extent to which a performance management system interacts with the role of a management accountant. Design/methodology/approach The study is a cross-sectional field study, using interviews with paired management accountants and operative managers in 16 multinational organisations in Germany. The perspectives of both management accountants and operative managers are analysed separately. The role episode model theoretically informs the study. Findings The findings reveal management accountants distinguish between three roles of scorekeeping, controlling and business support, similar to prior literature. By contrast, operating managers are concerned with the value-adding and non-value-adding character of activities and thus support a dichotomy of management accountants’ roles. Drawing upon the role episode model, this study elucidates the interplay between performance management systems and the roles of management accountants, which encompass both role-taking and role-making dynamics. Additionally, this study contributes to management control literature by operationalising the components of a performance management system framework and linking them to the role of management accountants, as proposed by role antecedents in previous literature. The study also uncovers factors influencing role-taking and role-making, alongside examining the repercussions of role consensus or conflict based on the interaction with the operating manager. Research limitations/implications This paper is subject to the normal limitations of case study research and generalisation. The findings may also be influenced by the cultural context of the study. Originality/value An updated role episode model is presented, highlighting further performance management systems’ components. The study also reveals factors enabling and/or inhibiting the management accountants’ business support role and the impact of role consensus/conflict.

How adult children experience and cope after their parents’ diagnosis of multiple myeloma: A qualitative exploration

PurposeThe aim of this study was to understand and explore the caregiving experience of adult children of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) during diagnosis and initial treatment based in Chinese filial piety culture. MethodsA descriptive phenomenology study was conducted to investigate semi-structured interview responses from the adult children (N=22) of MM patients within three months after diagnosis. Colaizzi's descriptive analysis framework was employed to analyze data. This study was reported following the COREQ checklist. ResultsFour themes and twelve subthemes were identified from the interviews. (1) Commitment to filial piety. Participants subconsciously fulfilled their commitment to filial piety by supporting their parents, obeying their wishes, providing emotional comfort, and protecting them from harm. (2) Experiencing multiple dilemmas. They faced challenges such as difficult treatment decisions, insufficient caregiving preparation, emotional distress, and role conflict. (3) Benefiting from setbacks. The caregiving experience allowed participants to cherish the present more and to establish a new view of life. (4) Adaptive coping. Family supports and self-adaptation are effective coping strategies to achieve their good psychosocial adaptation. ConclusionsOur study provides a culturally sensitive perspective on the caregiving experience of adult children of patients with MM. This study found that Chinese culture, especially filial piety culture, influenced the experiences and coping strategies of MM caregivers. Healthcare providers should focus on the challenges faced by adult children and develop various strategies to help them cushion the burden and adjust to caregiving roles, such as supportive care programs, meaning-centered psychotherapy, and family-centered medical communication interventions.

Academic Library as Workplace

This study seeks to explore the academic library as a workplace and understand indicators of successful performance and areas that indicate a need for improvement. A survey containing the Knowledge Intensive Work Environment Survey Target (KIWEST) was sent to academic library listservs and received 351 complete responses eligible for analysis. Respondents were library workers employed in an academic library in the United States at the time of taking the survey. Academic libraries performed best in the areas of job autonomy, task completion clarity, competency demands, and meaning of work. Academic libraries indicated less positively in the areas of perceived investment in employee development, engagement (dedication), social support from supervisors, and role conflicts. Findings were consistent with previous studies about the individual factors in the library workplace, and this study demonstrates consistency with academic library strengths and areas of growth in the rapidly changing post-COVID workplace environment.

A meta-analysis of antecedents and outcomes of psychological capital in hospitality and tourism

ABSTRACT While numerous studies have explored psychological capital (PsyCap), there has been a limited endeavor to offer a comprehensive overview of PsyCap within the realm of hospitality and tourism. This study conducted a meta-analytical review, seeking to elucidate the direction and magnitude of effect sizes pertaining to the relationships between PsyCap, its antecedents and outcomes, while also considering the moderating effects of national culture, measurement and time lag. To test the proposed hypotheses, altogether, 68 empirical studies (21 antecedents and outcomes, total sample size N = 22,071) were collected and utilized. The results demonstrated that PsyCap had significant associations with antecedents such as leaderships and organizational context and outcomes including work attitudes, emotional labor, role conflicts and stressors, organizational contexts, performance, wellness and life satisfaction and intention to stay or leave. The findings also highlighted the moderating effects of national culture, measurement and time lag on the relationships between PsyCap and its outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis of PsyCap in the context of hospitality and tourism. In addition, the current research adds value by examining various moderators, which has not been done in previous review articles of PsyCap.

Performance Determinants Of Sandwich Generation Employees At Work

This study investigates the performance determinants of sandwich generation employees, who face the dual responsibilities of caring for children and elderly parents while working. Role conflict, workload, and toxic productivity are explored as factors influencing performance. The research utilizes quantitative methods, employing regression analysis to examine the relationships between these variables and employee performance. Data collection is conducted through questionnaires distributed via Google Forms. The study focuses on the Badung Regency in Bali, a region with a significant economic presence. The population consists of sandwich generation individuals aged 30-60, residing and working in Badung Regency. The results indicate that role conflict, workload, and toxic productivity negatively impact employee performance. Additionally, job satisfaction is found to moderate the effects of role conflict, workload, and toxic productivity on performance, suggesting that higher job satisfaction can mitigate these negative influences. The findings provide insights into the challenges faced by sandwich generation employees and highlight the importance of addressing these factors to enhance performance in the workplace.

Effectiveness of Mentorship Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Reduce Burnout and Turnover among Nurses: Intervention Impact on Mentees

Objective: Mentoring programs can improve nurses’ mental health. This study examined the effects of a staff training program based on cognitive behavior therapy for burnout in which mentors provided intervention to their mentees. Methods: The principal investigator served as a facilitator and conducted staff training in cognitive behavior therapy. An original cognitive behavior therapy manual was presented to trained nurses (mentors), and lectures were provided on using the manual, ways of implementing cognitive behavior therapy, and other important points. The study participants included 35 mid-career nurses (mentors) and 34 young nurses in their first to third year (mentees) working in acute care hospitals. Groups of five mentees were formed in which two mentors provided cognitive behavior therapy based on the manual. Changes in mentees’ stress, burnout, and turnover intention at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up (3 months after the intervention) were objectively evaluated using an evaluation index. Results: The intervention significantly reduced the following evaluation indicators: total strain, conflict with other nursing staff, nursing role conflict, qualitative workload, quantitative workload, conflict with patients, problem avoidance due to irrational beliefs, escape-avoidance, emotional exhaustion of burnout, desire to change hospitals or departments, and turnover intention. Conclusion: Implementation of cognitive behavior therapy by mentors effectively reduced mentees’ stress, burnout, and turnover.

Examining the impact of stress and coping strategies on the performance of women entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs have important part in economic growth. Today, majority of the women have begun their own venture for reasons through the support of government subsidiaries and their own offering toward the business. Therefore, it is obvious that the entrepreneurs should do multidimensional task and significantly in a creative way so that they can operate their business for long time in the society. When operating business, women entrepreneurs experience many issues since they should balance business and family activities at the same time. In addition to current reviews, the present paper provides better knowledge about the issues undergone by them, which results in stress among the women entrepreneurs, how they are overcome with the stressful situation by adopting coping techniques. As per convenience sampling technique, the researcher had selected samples of the total women entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu for achieving validity and reliability of the information collected. In each category various stressors chase them in their personal and professional life. Given that many of the respondents in their study have limited entrepreneurial experience, it is understandable that these gaps can lead to entrepreneurial stress. The authors also recommend that the high levels of stress associated with interpersonal relationships be addressed by identifying the causes of these stressors in the workplace. Women entrepreneurs adapt their coping strategies to the level of role conflict they experience, and these changes have different impacts on their success.

Barriers to Women Professionals’ Career Growth during Covid-19 in India

The slow advancement of women in their workplaces remains a social concern for corporates and industry experts across the globe (International Labour Organisation Report, 2018). During the covid-19 pandemic, the advancement of women got significantly impacted owing to the increased burden of domestic responsibilities and other personal challenges. According to the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Report (2021), women in India were seven times more likely to lose their jobs during the pandemic and eleven times more likely to not return to work after the job loss. With the Covid-19 pandemic on the rise and spreading, companies were forced to redesign their work systems, initiate and adopt a remote-work setup option. While, a majority of companies continue with the hybrid model, some companies are slowly eliminating it and returning to the regular office norms as before. This change is likely to impact women, especially the working mothers, owing to the uneven distribution of child-care responsibilities, domestic work, etc. Additionally, conventional barriers such as discriminatory practices, mentoring, networking challenges and role conflicts are expected to persist or rather increase in the changed-working models – be it the hybrid, remote, or completely offline system. The present study focuses on identifying the constraints faced by the Indian women striving against the current for their career advancements, both during the Covid-19 pandemic disruption phase and post-pandemic scenario. The insights from the study will be helpful to gain a cumulative understanding about the challenges faced by women owing to the emerging work system and in addressing the future concerns more systematically.  

Therapists' experience of working with refugees and asylum seekers who have been tortured: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.

The novel concept of "the trauma therapists" journey' during their work with formerly tortured refugees and asylum seekers is introduced, mapped, and explicated for a convenience sample of 10 psychological therapists/practitioners who work in the United Kingdom. This study operationalized semistructured interviews that were focused on therapists' experiences of providing trauma psychotherapy to sanctuary seekers who presented to a range of psychological therapy services. The methods of interpretative phenomenological analysis were deemed appropriate for use to explore their experiences, thoughts, and feelings. Four superordinate themes were conceptualized, namely: (a) questioning self-preparedness, (b) the challenge of trauma wrapped in complexity, (c) psychological flexibility that arises from the therapist's role and internal conflict, and (d) personal impact. The empirical findings suggest that therapists who work with sanctuary seekers who have been tortured encounter a complex range of experiences. These include frequently finding themselves engaged in activities that go beyond and are in conflict with their expectations of their professional role, and, in many cases, this engagement results in vicarious trauma and burnout. All practitioners communicated in some detail how their work with sanctuary seekers, who had experienced torture and presented with trauma, affected them to varying degrees. The research has led to recommendations, which include the prioritization of self-care, multicultural competencies, continual development, and ensuring the availability of appropriate professional supervision support as part of ethical trauma practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Devoted but Disconnected: Managing Role Conflict Through Interactional Control

The ideal worker is represented as constantly available for work. However, an increasing number and variety of workers experience conflict between work and family demands. Research has identified numerous practices to manage this conflict with positive implications for non-work relationships, but the implications of these practices for work relationships remain unclear. How do efforts to manage role conflict affect workplace relationships? To examine this question, we draw on ethnographic data from 72 STEM workers across three organizations. We find that workers who experienced role conflict interpreted interactions in the workplace—often unpredictable in timing, frequency, and length—as a threat to fulfilling both their work and family roles on a daily basis. Thus, they controlled work interactions to make time for both work and non-work roles. However, interactional control limited their sense of workplace belonging and opportunities for resource exchange. In contrast, workers who did not experience daily role conflict encouraged interactions, allowing these encounters to expand across time. As a result, their work extended into evenings and weekends, and they experienced a sense of belonging and more regular resource exchange. We identify how interactional control practices manage role conflict but limit the development of workplace relationships. We also expand the repertoire of how devotion to work can be performed, identifying the occupied worker who expresses devotion through focused and efficient work and interactions rather than availability for work and interactions.

First Level of Health Care: The Autonomous Role of Nurses

Introduction: Although nursing autonomy is advancing with national legislation towards a competency-based approach, a positivist vision centered on biomedical aspects persists, limiting comprehensive care. Despite training and experience, role conflicts and oppression by the medical team persist, impeding freedom of decision and leading to job dissatisfaction.Objective: To analyze the professional autonomy of nurses in type A, B and C health centers at the first level of care in Health District 09D04 - Febres Cordero.Method: Qualitative, descriptive, and dialectical approach, based on the perceptions of nursing professionals about their autonomy in Health District 09D04.Results: The perception of autonomy in the first level of health care is limited, under pressure and subject to demanding schedules. There are restrictions imposed by parameters and regulations, although benefits such as quality care and educational responsibility are recognized. Legal limitations, lack of support and restrictions affecting nurses' autonomy are also identified.Conclusions: To empower nurses, a series of measures are required at both the practical and educational levels. These include the implementation of laws that support their autonomy, ongoing training, the promotion of a favorable work environment, and the strengthening of their educational background with a focus on leadership and solution-finding skills.

Assessing Psychosocial Factors on Maintenance Employees with Safety Perspective: A Case Study of an Electrical Service Company

The increasing number of employees continuously exposed to psychosocial hazards can result in high absenteeism, employee turnover, low productivity, and increased work accidents. Efforts to improve occupational safety have typically focused on developing policies, equipment, and training to minimize physical risks; however, in recent years, attention has also shifted to psychosocial factors. This research was conducted to comprehensively analyze the psychosocial conditions of maintenance workers from electrical service companies in Indonesia. An online survey with 93 questions from COPSOQ III was conducted on 314 respondents who had worked for at least one year and were permanent employees at company X. The collected data will be tested for validity and reliability before being analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of SPSS V25 software. It will then be classified by level using the gap analysis method. It was found that there were six psychosocial factors included in the mid-gap category, namely Cognitive Demands (X9), Work Pace (X12), Illegimate Task (X25), Role Conflict (X26), Work-Life Conflict (X31), and Insecurity over Working Condition (X32). Meanwhile, two psychosocial factors fall into the high-gap category, namely Control over Working Time (X17) and Job Insecurity (X33). Psychosocial factors in the high-gap category need to be a priority for improvement or intervention, considering that these factors can have a negative impact on work safety behavior, which can increase the number of work accidents.

Prevalence and determinants of burnout among South African doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: Burnout, resulting from chronic workplace stress that has been unsuccessfully managed, has previously been documented in doctors. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased occupational challenges faced by doctors, potentiating their risk for burnout.Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of burnout among medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: Three public sector hospitals in Gqeberha, South Africa.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 260 voluntary participants was conducted. Participants completed self-administered electronic questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the determinants of burnout.Results: The prevalence of burnout in this study was 78%. Burnout was significantly associated with being a medical intern or community-service medical officer (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 6.72, 1.71–26.40), being in the lowest income band (AOR = 10.78, 2.55–45.49), and using alcohol to manage work-related stress (AOR = 3.01, 1.12–8.04). Job-related factors associated with burnout were experiencing high conflict at work (AOR = 5.04, 1.92–13.20) and high role ambiguity and role conflict (AOR = 4.49, 1.98–10.18). Low support at work (AOR = 9.99, 3.66–27.23), medium job satisfaction (AOR = 5.38, 2.65–10.93) and medium support at work (AOR = 3.39, 1.71–6.73) were positively associated with burnout. Participants with medium (AOR = 0.28, 0.10–0.80) and high levels of resilience (AOR = 0.08, 0.03–0.25) were protected against burnout. Coronavirus disease 2019-related factors were not significantly associated with burnout.Conclusion: The burnout prevalence among South African medical doctors at public hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic was high and strongly associated with job stress factors.Contribution: Given the increased prevalence of burnout among doctors and the strong associations with job stress factors, mitigation of burnout requires targeted organisational interventions.

Parents’ experience of children’s transitions from intensive care unit after liver transplantation: A qualitative study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to understand parents’ perspectives on caring for children who underwent liver transplantation in the intensive care unit transition period and to provide a reference for the development of targeted intervention strategies. MethodsThirteen parents of children who underwent liver transplantation at a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province were chosen for in-depth semi-structured interviews via purposive sampling. The interview data were analyzed and summarized via content analysis. FindingsThree themes were extracted, including a period of separation and suffering (being apart from child is tough, chilling atmosphere, and limited family access); being an overwhelming caregiver (hope coupled with worry, conflict of roles, and existential care dilemmas); and facing a new normal: searching for information and support (information on medical conditions, post-discharge care assistance, educational support, and peer support). ConclusionFor parents whose child underwent liver transplantation, the transition period from the intensive care unit to the general ward is challenging. Parents are burdened with several caregiving responsibilities and require a variety of information and support. It is advised that nurses should offer sufficient information and suitable educational approaches to enhance these parents’ capacity to care for their children and assist children and their parents in making a smooth transition. Implications for clinical practiceThis study highlights parents’ perspectives on caring for children with liver transplants transferred from the intensive care unit to a general ward. Transitional care is strenuous, evoking different feelings before and after transfer. The health care professionals should focus on the needs and challenges faced by parents who are caring for children with liver transplants during the intensive care unit transition period. To achieve this, it is critical to establish a supportive environment and provide suitable information and education for parents to enhance their caregiving abilities.

Role ambiguity and role conflict effects on employees’ emotional exhaustion in healthcare services in Tanzania

Role ambiguity and role conflict effects on employees’ emotional exhaustion in healthcare services in Tanzania

Hubungan Konflik Peran Ganda dan Stres Kerja dengan Psychological Well Being Perawat di RSUD Dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Purbalingga

The psychological well-being felt by nurses is important because it has an optimal influence on whether nurses work or not. Psychological well-being in nurses can be caused by many aspects, including problems with multiple roles and work stress. In this way, the aim of the research is to understand the relationship between dual roles, work stress, and the psychological well-being of nurses at RSUD, Dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Purbalingga. The method taken is quantitative with a descriptive correlational design and cross-sectional design, as well as a sampling technique with total sampling. Data analysis utilized the Spearman Rank test. The output of the research was from 70 nurses at RSUD Dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Purbalingga. The majority experienced dual role conflict, which was at a moderate level; there were 32 nurses (45.7%), work stress was in the moderate category, 40 people (57.1%), and psychological well-being was in the medium category, 43 nurses. (61.4%). The results of the data analysis show that there is an influential correlation between the problem of dual roles and the psychological well-being of nurses (p-value = 0.000 and rho = 0.885). Apart from that, there is also an influential correlation between work stress and the psychological well-being of nurses (p-value = 0.000 and rho value = 0.775).

Productive Innovation or Disruptive Irritation: An Exploration of Stakeholder Perspective on Remote Work in the Institutes of Higher learning in Zimbabwe (A Case of Midlands State University)

Objective: The major objective of this study was to establish whether remote work was yielding positive results in the Institutions of higher learning. In order to achieve the major objective, the study explored the advantages of remote work and the challenges that are associated with remote work. Furthermore, the study explored some intervention mechanisms that may be can be implemented to support remote work. Method: In order to achieve the research objectives, the study adopted the qualitative study, using a case study design. Convenience sampling methods was adopted to come up with a sample of 45 participants that would be interviewed. Face to face interviews were conducted using semi-structured interviews. Result: After data collection and analysis, the study results showed that remote work enables employee flexibility, employee autonomy, increased employee productivity as well as cost savings. The results of the study also showed that remote work also comes with its own challenges such as isolation, role conflict and technological challenges. Furthermore, the study found that there are some intervention mechanisms that can be employed to support remote working in the institutions of higher learning. The intervention mechanisms include training, technological infrastructure, data access and mental health care. Conclusion: Conclusions from the study indicate that remote work is viable and beneficial at MSU. However, the study also established that remote work has its own challenges. The study concluded that the challenges can be mitigated by some intervention mechanisms.

Australian men's help-seeking intentions for anxiety symptoms: The impact of masculine norm conformity and gender role conflict

Research highlights a discrepancy between the number of men experiencing mental illness and those seeking professional help, particularly for anxiety. Conformity to masculine norms (CMN) and gender role conflict (GRC) have been recognised as barriers to men's mental health help-seeking, but few studies have examined these relationships for anxiety. This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety severity and help-seeking intentions in Australian men, and the additional impact of CMN and GRC. A total of 610 Australians aged 18–89 years (M = 46.02, SD = 17.14) participated in an online survey, which included demographic information and four standardised questionnaires measuring anxiety, help-seeking intentions, CMN, and GRC. CMN but not GRC was found to fully mediate the relationship between anxiety severity and anxiety-related help-seeking intentions. The results have theoretical implications for the study of masculinity and clinical implications for therapeutic approaches for men with anxiety symptoms.

College Student-athletes’ Subjectivity on Leisure Constraints

PURPOSE This study seeks to explore the subjectivity regarding leisure constraints perceived by college student-athletes.METHODS Based on Q methodology as an analysis framework, 25 Q-samples and 25 P-samples suitable for the research purpose were selected, and Q-classification and Q-factor analysis were conducted.RESULTS The leisure constraints were categorized into “Type Ⅰ: Psychological constraints,” “Type Ⅱ: Financial constraints,” and “Type Ⅲ: Spatio-temporal constraints.” The three types provided discussions on “strong athlete identity of student-athletes,” “role conflict between students and athletes,” “core competencies of student-athletes,” “current student-athlete support project,” and “school sports camp training.”CONCLUSIONS College student-athletes’ leisure constraints are closely related to strong athlete identity, anxiety about enjoying leisure, cost burden, and closedness of camp training, and each type provided new perspectives on discussions related to Korean student-athletes.